The mirror is a coated surface that reflects a clear image of reality as any dictionary may define. However, the image that is seen by one would not solely be the clear image of reality, when the psychological state of whom is taken into consideration. The identification of self and the image of oneself that is intended to be seen through reflection may not be overlapping in several moments, it can be even the opposite. The ideal self that one wants to become is described as “ego ideal” which is desired to be seen when one looks toward its reflection. This relationship of one and its ego ideal is depicted through mirror scenes in the cinema since the mirror is a powerful metaphor in the case of referring interrelation of these terms. In cinema many of the characters who are in depressive states are depicted as they are falling apart from their reflections by putting distance in between the mirror and the performer, or placing the mirror in an unreachable position, indicating the disconnection of their existing self and their ideal personas. On contrary, the over-intimacy of the characters and their reflections may indicate the manic state of mind concerning the unification of the self and the ego ideal. Now, I am interested in revealing the underlying psychoanalytic references that discuss the relation of self and ego ideal, since the act of looking at the surface and recognizing oneself from there is interesting in itself.
The word umbrella derives from the Latin where “umbra” means shadow. Similarly, “para” defines shelter or shield, and “sol” means sun and they construct the word “parasol” which is used with the term umbrella interchangeably, yet parasols have a straight shaft different than the curved handle of the umbrella. As their etymological roots suggest, the primal intention of creating this object was the protection from exposure to the sun around four millennia before today. The early materials used in the construction were the tree leaves and branches until the invention of paper in China. The paper predecessors of this object later oiled since then the function of them have expanded from sunshade to protection from the rain even though they were not totally waterproof. These oil-paper parasols as well as dry, silk parasols made their way to Europe around Renaissance and became a fashionable trend amongst women. In 1708 The Kersey’s Dictionary defined the umbrella as “a screen commonly us
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